Portugal Is Recognised as a Kingdom
On October 5, 1143, the Treaty of Zamora recognised Portugal as a kingdom under Afonso Henriques.
Belgium Proclaims Independence From the Netherlands
On October 4, 1830, Belgium declared independence from the Netherlands after an uprising in Brussels.
Iraq Becomes Independent
On October 3, 1932, Iraq became independent from Britain and joined the League of Nations.
Guinea Becomes Independent From France
On October 2, 1958, Guinea became independent from France after rejecting the French Community.
Nigeria Becomes Independent From Britain
On October 1, 1960, Nigeria became independent from Britain with about 45 million people and three regions.
Lesotho Becomes Independent
On October 4, 1966, Basutoland became independent from Britain as the Kingdom of Lesotho.
Fiji Becomes Independent After 96 Years as a British Colony
Fiji became independent on October 10, 1970, after 96 years as a British colony, with Ratu Kamisese Mara as its first prime minister.