Theodore Roosevelt Is Born in New York
On October 27, 1858, Theodore Roosevelt, who became the 26th US president and won the Nobel peace prize, was born in New York City.
Treaty of Portsmouth Ends the Russo-Japanese War
On September 5, 1905, Russia and Japan signed the Treaty of Portsmouth, ending their war and confirming Japan's position in Korea.
Alexander Fleming Notices That Mould Kills Bacteria
On September 28, 1928, Alexander Fleming found that a mould had killed bacteria in a dish, and penicillin was discovered.
Jack Kilby Builds the First Working Integrated Circuit
On September 12, 1958, Jack Kilby ran the first working integrated circuit, putting every component on one piece of semiconductor.
Pasternak Wins the Nobel Prize
Boris Pasternak won the Nobel Prize on October 23, 1958 for Doctor Zhivago. Soviet pressure forced him to decline it.
Sartre Declines the Nobel Prize
Jean-Paul Sartre refused the Nobel Prize in Literature on October 22, 1964. He was the first person to decline the award voluntarily.
Yasunari Kawabata Wins the Nobel Prize in Literature
Yasunari Kawabata won the Nobel Prize in Literature on October 17, 1968, the first Japanese writer to do so.
LIGO Detects Gravitational Waves for the First Time
On September 14, 2015, LIGO detected gravitational waves from merging black holes, confirming a prediction Einstein made in 1916.