Pope Gregory XIII Introduces the Gregorian Calendar
The Gregorian calendar took effect on October 15, 1582, dropping ten days to correct the drift of the old Julian calendar.
Mata Hari Is Executed by a French Firing Squad
Mata Hari, the Dutch dancer Margaretha Zelle, was executed by firing squad at Vincennes on October 15, 1917, for espionage.
Charlie Chaplin's The Great Dictator Opens
On October 15, 1940, Charlie Chaplin's The Great Dictator, his first sound film and a satire of Hitler, opened in New York.
Hermann Goering Takes Poison Before His Execution
Hermann Goering took cyanide in his Nuremberg cell on October 15, 1946, hours before his execution for war crimes.
China Launches Shenzhou 5, Its First Crewed Spaceflight
China launched Shenzhou 5 on October 15, 2003, carrying Yang Liwei, making it the third country to send a human into space alone.